What Is Money Set Aside By Congress For A Particular Use

STOCK EXCHANGE

SHARE � any of equal parts into which the money of a business company is divided, giving the holder a right to a portion of profits

SHAREHOLDER � an owner of shares in a business company

DIVIDEND - a share of profits paid to people who own parts of company

BOND � a written agreement or promise that it is against the law to break

EQUITY - the value of shares issued by a company

TO TRADE � to buy and sell a particular item, product

GOVERNMENT STOCK document or certificate showing who owns shares
GUILT-EDGED SECURIRIY lent to a government

STOCK EXCHANGE � a place where stock and shares are publicly bought and sold

LISTED COMPANY � a company which is allowed to buy and sell shares on the stock exchange

TO BUY IN � to buy a good supply of sth

JOBBER � a wholesaler who deals with brokers

MARKET MAKER � a broker or a company which participates permanently in stock exchange and quote prices

BROKER (STOCK-BROKER) � a person who buys and sells things

RANGE � to vary or extend between specified limits

COMMISSION � an amount money paid to sb for selling goods which increases with the quantity of goods sold

FLOOR � a place where the trading takes place

TO UPDATE � to give sb the latest information about sth

TO QUOTE � to give price for shares

QUOTATION � a statement of the current price of stocks or commodities

INVESTMENT1 � investing money
INVESTMENT2 � a thing that is worth buying because it may be profitable or useful in the future

YIELD � to receive income, known as dividend, from the invested companies

BANKING

COMMERTIAL BANK �
MERCHANT BANK
BRANCH � a local office belonging a large firm or organisation
MERGER - the combining of two or more commercial companies
CURRENT ACCOUNT -
BANK STATEMENT - a printed record of all the money paid into and out of a cusomer�s bank account within a certain period
BILL � a written statement of money owned for goods and services supplied
CASH MASHINE
TRANSACTION � the conducting of business
BALANCE � an amount of money still owned after some payment has been made
POSTAGE � an amount charged or paid for sending letters
INVOICE � (make a) list of goods sold with the price charged
INTEREST � money charged for borrowing money, or paid to smb who invests money
TO DEPOSIT � put or store for safe keeping
CASHCARD �
CREDIT CARD � a small plastic card that allows its holder to buy goods and services on credit and to pay on fixed intervals
CASH � money in coins or notes
BALANCE SHEET � a written record of money received and paid out, showing the difference between the two total amounts
ANNUAL REPORT � account of statement coming or happening every year

ALLIANCE

JOINT VENTURE � a business activity in which 2 or more companies have invested together
PARENT COOPERATION � when a commercial company owns or controls one or more other companies
ECONOMY OF SCALE �
ALLIANCE � the action or state of being joined or associated
SISTER COMPANY �
BARTER � to trade by exchanging sth for sth else without using money
COUNTER TRADE �
ACQUISITION � a when one company buys another one or part of another one
TAKEOVER � the act of getting control over a company by buying over 50% of it�s shares
OCCASION � when two or more companies, organizations join together to form a large company

FRANCHISING

franchisee someone who is given or sold a franchise

operation
a) [countable] a business, company, or organization, especially one with many parts: Their huge interstate operation reportedly brings in $20 million a year.

manual1 adjective
1 involving the use of the hands: manual work | manual skills
2 operated or done by hand or without the help of electricity, computers etc: a manual typewriter | It would take too long to do a manual search of all the data.
� manually adverb

boom1
S3
noun
1 [singular] INCREASE IN BUSINESS a rapid increase of business activity
[+ in]: a sudden boom in the housing market | consumer/investment/property etc boom: the post-war property boom | boom years/times: These are boom times for voluntary organizations.
�see also boom town
2 [singular] WHEN STH IS POPULAR a period when something suddenly becomes very popular or starts happening a lot : jazz/aerobics etc boom: the jazz boom of the 1950s
3 SOUND [countable] a deep loud sound that you can hear for several seconds after it begins, especially the sound of an explosion or a large gun: the dull boom of the cannons
�see also sonic boom
4 LONG POLE [countable]
a) a long pole on a boat that is attached to a sail at the bottom
b) a long pole used as part of a piece of equipment that loads and unloads things
c) a long pole that has a camera or microphone on the end
5 ON A RIVER [countable] something that is stretched across a river or a bay1 (1) to prevent things floating down or across it

outlet noun [countable]
1 a way of expressing or getting rid of strong feelings
[+ for]: I play racquet ball as an outlet for stress.
2 a shop, company, or organization through which products are sold : retail outlet: Benetton has retail outlets in every major European city.
3 a way through which something such as a liquid or gas can flow out
4 American English a power point British English

retail1 noun [uncountable]
the sale of goods in shops to customers, for their own use and not for selling to anyone else: goods for retail only | retail trade/business etc: workers in the retail trade | retail outlet (=a shop)

market1
S1, W1
noun

1 PLACE TO BUY THINGS [countable]
a) a place where people buy and sell goods, especially in an open area or a large building: There''s a good antiques market here on Sundays. | I usually buy all my vegetables at the market. | street market (=with a lot of different people selling things from tables, stalls etc in the street)

b) American English a shop that sells food and things for the home

2 the market
a) the stock market: Most analysts are forecasting a further downturn in the market. | play the market (=risk money on the stock market) | the markets (=stock markets around the world): The markets are nervous at the moment.

b) the total amount of trade in a particular kind of goods: Honda is trying to increase its share of the market. | the art/diamond/bond etc market: The art market is rather depressed. | the market in: the world market in aluminum

c) the system in which all prices and wages depend on what goods people want to buy, how many they buy etc: a naive belief in leaving everything to the market

3 on the market available for people to buy: There are thousands of different computer games on the market. | put a house/business etc on the market (=offer it for sale): We put our house on the market at the wrong time. | come onto the market (=become available for people to buy): a revolutionary new drug that has just come onto the market | on the open market (=generally available for people to buy without any official restrictions): In some areas, handguns were freely available on the open market.

4 COUNTRY/AREA [countable] a particular country or area where a company sells its goods or where a particular type of goods is sold: Our main overseas market is Japan. | cars intended for the domestic market
[+ for]: The main market for computer software is still in the US.

5 PEOPLE WHO BUY [singular] the number of people who want to buy something, or the kind of people who want to buy it
[+ for]: The market for specialist academic books is pretty small. | there is a market for (=people want to buy a product): There isn''t much of a market for second-hand mainframe computers.

6 be in the market for to be interested in buying something: Several terrorist groups were believed to be in the market for nuclear technology.

7 the job market/the labour market the number of jobs that are available: The job market has been badly hit by the recession.

8 a buyer''s/seller''s market a time that is better for buyers because prices are low, or better for sellers because prices are high
�see also black market, flea market, corner the market corner2 (3), price yourself out of the market price2 (4)

license also licence British English verb [transitive usually passive]
to give official permission for someone to do something or for an activity to take place : be licensed to do sth: The restaurant is now licensed to sell alcohol.

consultant
S3, W3
noun [countable]

1 someone who has a lot of experience and whose job it is to give advice and training in a particular area: a management consultant

2 British English a senior hospital doctor who has a lot of knowledge about a particular kind of medical treatment; specialist (2) American English

working capital noun [uncountable]
the money that is available to be used for the costs of a business
�see also venture capital
venture capital noun [uncountable]
money that is lent to someone so that they can start a new business

turnover noun

1 [singular] the amount of business done in a particular period, measured by the amount of money earned: an annual turnover of �5.6 million

2 [singular] the rate at which people leave an organization and are replaced by others: Low pay accounts for the high turnover of staff.

3 [singular] the rate at which a particular type of goods is sold: Supermarkets depend on a high turnover at low prices.

4 [countable] a small fruit pie (1): an apple turnover

5 [countable] American English a situation in a game of American football or basketball in which something happens so that one team loses the ball and the other team gets it

customer
S1, W1
noun [countable]

1 someone who buys goods or services from a shop, company etc: Next customer please! | the customer complaints department | regular customer: keeping the shop''s regular customers happy | sb''s biggest/best customer (=someone who buys the most goods or services): We don''t want to lose them - they''re one of our biggest customers.
�compare patron (2)

2 a cool customer informal someone who is always calm and very confident but in an unpleasant way

3 awkward/tricky etc customer someone who is difficult to deal with because they behave in a deliberately unhelpful way

superstore noun [countable]
British English a very large shop that sells many different types of goods, usually just outside a town

department store noun [countable]
a large shop that is divided into separate departments, each selling a different type of goods

chain store noun [countable]
one of a group of shops, all of which are owned by one organization; multiple store
multiple store noun [countable]
British English a word used especially in business meaning a chain store

margin noun [countable]

1 the empty space that goes down the side of a page : in the margin: She scribbled some notes in the margin.

2 the number of votes, or the amount of time or distance, by which an election or competition is won or lost : by a (wide/narrow) margin: The election was won by a margin of only votes.

3 the difference between what a business pays for something and what they sell it for
�see also profit margin

4 on the margin(s) not belonging to the main or central part of a society, group, or activity: unemployed youths living on the margins of society

5 margin of error the degree to which a calculation can be wrong without affecting the final results

6 literary the edge of a forest, island, or other area

cut-price adjective

1 sold at less than the usual price: cut-price petrol
2 a cut-price shop, supermarket etc sells goods at reduced prices: a cut-price garage

warehouse noun [countable]
a large building for storing large quantities of goods

discount1
S3
noun [countable]

1 a reduction in the cost of goods that you are buying: Do I get a discount if I buy a whole case of wine? | discount price/fare (=cheaper than the usual price) | discount store/shop/warehouse (=where you can buy goods cheaply)

2 at a discount
a) bought or sold for less than the usual price

b) informal not wanted or not regarded as valuable: a ridiculous place where intelligence is at a discount

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